Types of Material Used in Masonry Work
Masonry is the practice of constructing structures using various materials, such as clay, stone, brick, and others. Since the middle ages, it has been widely considered an art or science due to its application in the construction of such landmarks as the Great Wall of China and the magnificent pyramids of Egypt.
Therefore, masonry is a construction method that has been in use continuously since antiquity. This kind of construction is becoming increasingly popular as word spreads about its novel layout. In this post, we’ll take a look at some of the most often-used masonry materials and discuss why each one might be right for your next construction project.
Masonry building can be done with many different materials and mortars of differing strengths. Brick, stone, concrete, veneer, gabion, etc. are only some of the more frequent construction materials.
The following are brief explanations of many material-specific types of masonry construction:
1. Brick Masonry Construction
Since brick has been so popular since ancient times, it occupies a major position in any discussion regarding construction materials. This is because it is the most popular method of construction for masonry structures. Since this masonry material has been well-tested for millennia, a large number of reputable builders employ it. As it is impervious to wind and fire, it cannot be destroyed by either of these elements. Another benefit is that it is particularly effective at controlling moisture.
In addition to that, it is renowned for its energy efficiency, making it an excellent choice as a masonry material for your home.
However, brick is highly bulky and heavy, thus it can exert a great deal of stress and pressure on the created foundation or structure, resulting in very expensive damage repair.
First-rate burnt clay bricks are utilized in brick masonry buildings. Masonry uses third-class bricks for less important construction projects. Because they lack polish compared to first-class bricks, second-class bricks are optimal for plastered masonry buildings.
The overall tensile strength provided by brick masonry is lower regardless of the type of brick used.
2. Stone Masonry Construction
As a building material, stone outshines all others in terms of its longevity, strength, and resistance to the elements. Wear and tear on these is reduced. Stone masonry buildings are more durable. The lifespan is between 300 and 1000 years. As a result of its many positive qualities, it is frequently employed in the masonry industry.
Stone masonry is divided into two main types that are as follows:
- Ashlar Masonry:
Ashlar is a stone that has been shaped into a square, either as an individual stone or as a structure composed of such stones. It is the finest example of stonework. The beds, joints, and faces of the stones are chisel-dressed to eliminate all irregularities and obtain horizontal and vertical joints with flawless alignment.
- Rubble Masonry:
The term “rubble masonry,” usually called “rubblework,” refers to the practice of building with uncut, unpolished stone. The most fundamental type of rubble masonry is dry-stone random rubble walls, in which rough stones are stacked without mortar. Stone used for construction that is too irregular to be put in straight courses is called “rubble.” It is sometimes used as an interior filler in walls that are otherwise clad in unit masonry, such as brick or ashlar.
3. Concrete Masonry Construction
Similar to brick masonry buildings, concrete blocks are pressed on top of other concrete blocks in concrete masonry construction. Thus, a staggered arrangement is formed. The dimensions of concrete blocks are greater than those of bricks, so laying them requires less time.
As the concrete block material has a low cost, its use is much more prevalent. Moreover, this material also has strong fire resistance. Concrete masonry blocks are available in various shapes, sizes, and custom configurations that makes them a highly flexible building material. It is often used in the construction of schools, factories, and buildings.
4. Veneer Construction
This style of the brick building is typically employed during renovations and for the purpose of furnishing the interior. It can fool the eye into thinking you’re looking at a stone or brick wall, but it’s more cost-effective and provides better insulation. The current concrete wall can be covered with veneer masonry modules, making it look more presentable.
5. Gabion Masonry Construction
Gabions are steel baskets that have been rust-protected and then filled with broken rocks of medium size. Together, these gabions form a sturdy structure. Like a revetment or retaining wall, it helps keep water out.
Despite their rigid appearance, these brick units drain effectively and may be easily shaped. So they’re quite resistant to things like water flows, soil flows, frost damage, and floods, which exert horizontal pressure. Gabions are typically rectangular in shape. Gabion baskets made from high-quality steel have a long lifespan thanks to their resistance to rust and other forms of corrosion.
6. Composite Masonry Construction
A structure that is comprised of more than one type of masonry and other building elements is referred to as a composite masonry building. Composite material is often used for enhancing the overall appearance of a building while also making the most efficient use of the materials that are at hand.
7. Cinder block
Utilized on building sites, cinder blocks are hollow, rectangle-shaped structures formed of concrete and coal cinders. In contrast, concrete blocks are frequently flattened structures composed of steel, wood, or cement. Concrete and cinder blocks are manufactured with open cells that can accommodate metal reinforcing or more concrete for increased strength. Concrete blocks are considerably more durable than cinder blocks. Several building codes limit the use of cinder blocks in construction and building projects.
The Bottom Line
The preceding section elucidates the numerous sorts of masonry materials that can be considered for your buildings. Brick, precast concrete, natural stone, and block masonry are all excellent options for the construction of a home.
Their advantages and disadvantages have also been outlined so that you can make an informed selection. However, it would be good for you to consult with a professional mason who can adequately advise you on the best material for your construction work based on your individual preferences and aesthetics.
The steady evolution of technology has led to the development of new and innovative masonry materials, but the aforementioned building materials are still remarkable because they have not become obsolete.
For more information and to know the best building material for your construction project, reach out to New York Brick Pointing right away! Our experts will be glad to serve you.